高三英語(yǔ)閱讀理解訓(xùn)練
作者：英語(yǔ)組長(zhǎng)徐愛(ài)華 來(lái)源：未知點(diǎn)擊數(shù)：
次發(fā)布時(shí)間：2013-12-23
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
A
It was the afternoon of December 24, the day before Christmas; and as the newest doctor in our office, I had to work. The only thing that brightened my day was the beautifully decorated Christmas tree in our waiting room and a gift sent to me by a fellow I was dating- a dozen long-stemmed red roses.
As I was cleaning my office, our receptionist came and said there was a lady in the front office that urgently needed to speak with me. As I stepped out, I noticed a young, tired-looking woman with a baby in her arms. Nervously, she explained that her husband-a prisoner in a nearby prison-was my next patient. The guards were scheduled to bring him to the office that afternoon. She told me she wasn’t allowed to visit her husband in prison and that he had never seen his son. Her request was for me to let the boy’s father sit in the waiting room with her as long as possible before I called him for his appointment. Since my schedule wasn’t full, I agreed. After all, it was Christmas Eve.
A short time later, her husband arrived-with chains on his feet and hands, and two armed guards as bodyguards. The woman’s tired face lit up like our little Christmas tree when her husband took a seat beside her. I kept glancing out to watch them laugh, cry and share their child. After almost an hour, I called the prisoner back to my office. While I worked, the guards stood just outside my door. The patient seemed like a gentle and modest man. I wondered what he possibly could have done to be held under such conditions. I tried to make him as comfortable as possible.
At the end of the appointment, I wished him a Merry Christmas-a difficult thing to say to a man headed back to prison. He smiled and thanked me. He also said he felt saddened by the fact he hadn’t been able to get his wife anything for Christmas. On hearing this, I was inspired with a wonderful idea.
I’ll never forget the look on both their faces as the prisoner gave his wife the beautiful, long-stemmed roses. I’m not sure who experienced the most joy-the husband in giving, the wife in receiving, or myself in having the opportunity to share in this special moment.
61．What can be inferred from the first paragraph?
A．The writer was a newcomer to her office.
B．A fellow sent her a dozen red roses as Christmas present.
C．She was in low spirits because she had to work before Christmas.
D．She was at work with a light heart.
62．The young woman came to the writer’s office for the purpose of .
A．having her baby examined
B．giving her husband a chance to make his escape
C．having her husband examined
D．getting a chance for her family to get together
63．The underlined part in paragraph 3 most probably means “ ”.
A．to be sent to hospital B．to be separated from his family
C．to be comfortable D．to become a prisoner
64．What does the writer learn from the story?
A．The wife experienced the most joy in receiving.
B．An act of kindness can mean a lot.
C．The prisoner was treated with mercy.
D．Whoever breaks the law should be punished.
B
From the coldest arctic ice to the hottest deserts you will find mammals living and thriving（興旺）. There seems to be no climate that they can’t adapt to , however changeable it may be. Why can mammals adapt to so many different habitats? There is a good reason for this – mammals have the ability to keep their body at a constant temperature whatever the weather. They are “warm-blooded”
Mammals achieve this by chemically “burning” their food as fuel inside their bodies. This is kept under tight control by a region of the brain that acts like a thermostat（恒溫器）, and this makes sure that the mammal’s body temperature stays about the same.
A constant body temperature is a great advantage for mammals because all the chemical processes that go on inside a living body are likely to happen more slowly at low temperatures and faster at higher temperatures. Mammals can regulate their temperature at the best condition for all these processes, allowing them to be active at very cold or very hot periods and to keep up tiring activity for a long time. Animals such as lizards（蜥蜴）rely on moving in and out of the warm sunlight to regulate their body temperature. They slow down when they can’t warm up and may die if they can’t get away from heat. They also tend to overheat quickly when they are active as their muscles produce warmth.
Using food energy to keep body temperature constant is expensive, and since mammals need to be efficient at keeping to warmth they create inside themselves, they often have fur and a cover of fat under their skin to prevent heat from escaping. To help lose heat when they are too hot, they have sweat glands（汗腺）that take the heat away from the skin through evaporating（蒸發(fā)）water. This means, though, that they need to drink more than other animals.
65．Mammals can adapt to so many habitats because .
A．the climate is unchangeable B．they can regulate their body temperature
C．they are “warm-blooded” D．their muscles produce warmth
66．When mammals keep their body at a constant temperature, .
A．the chemical processes happen more slowly in their bodies
B．the chemical processes happen faster in their bodies
C．they will use less fuel inside their bodies
D．they can live an active life
67．We can infer from the last paragraph that mammals .
A．need to drink more than other animals
B．have different ways of keeping their body temperature
C．often have fur and fat to prevent heat from escaping
D．have sweat glands that take the heat away from the skin
68．The writer answers the question raised in the first paragraph with .
A．stories and explanation B．examples and conclusion
C．evidence and argument D．explanation and comparison
C
For most of us, the purpose of the holidays is to bring peace, love, and goodwill towards all. Yet, for many, the holiday season often means stress, tiredness, pressure, disappointment and loneliness.
These feelings, often known as the “holiday blues,” may be even more common this year, due to the emotional disorder of the past few months, not to mention the unsteady economy. Experts say even the more usual tasks of shopping, decorating, late-night parties, cooking, planning and family reunions can be holiday stressors.
In addition, the psychological phenomenon known as seasonal affective disorder, or SAD, may bring a specific type of depression related to winter’s shorter days and longer nights.
“Certainly just because it’s the holidays doesn’t mean people are going to be happy,” says Dr. Doug Jacobs of Harvard University. “And this will be a particularly hard holiday for some who are dealing with a lost job, debt, or even a lost loved one.”
And with family reunions becoming less frequent events over the years, there is now the added pressure of getting just one chance to get it all right. “Families are much more different now,” says John Stutsman, a clinical psychologist at Northwestern Memorial Hospital in Chicago. The disappointment and sense of unfriendliness that often results from family gatherings, he adds, are actually a realization that “the fantasy is not met.”
Still, say experts, the blues should be dealt with. The most essential step, says Stutsman, is for the individual to admit their feelings and the reason for their depression. “Disagreement will only compound the stress they’re feeling.”
Stutsman recommends people do things that are normally comforting in order to get a handle on the holiday stress. “If they’re feeling a little blue, they should try to do things
personally satisfying for them. Maybe this is exercise, cooking, reading a book, or massage.”
Stutsman also advises that sometimes “avoidance is actually not such a bad idea.” In some situations, fulfilling social obligations may be self-destructive when the best thing may be to just stay home. “The healthy choice has to do with taking care of oneself.”
69．According to the passage, holiday blues .
A．didn’t exist before
B．bring peace, love, and goodwill towards all
C．result from various factors
D．happen to every one of us
70．In the opinion of John Stutsman, .
A．family gatherings have become less frequent events over they years
B．people usually feel disappointed when their families get together
C．families are friendly to each other as usual
D．holidays doesn’t mean people are going to be happy
71．It can be concluded from the passage that the most important thing to deal with the blues is to .
A．stay at home
B．do things that are normally comforting
C．fulfill social obligations
D．a(chǎn)dmit your feelings and the reasons for your depression
72．Which of the following would be the best title of the passage?
A．Family Reunions B．Emotional Disorder
C．Holiday Blues D．Holiday Stressors
D
A single night of taking the drug Ecstasy（搖頭丸）can cause serious brain damage and speed up the start of Parkinson’s disease, scientists say. Just two to three Ecstasy tablets-a quantity that thousands of clubbers take during parties- can permanently destroy brain cells that affect movement and reasoning, according to American research that links the drug to Parkinson’s for the first time.
A study by a team at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, Maryland, involving squirrel monkeys and baboons（狒狒）found that both species suffered permanent damage to key cells called dopamine neurons, which are lost in Parkinson’s, after receiving three low doses of Ecstasy at three-hour periods.
The study is particularly significant because baboons are one of the best animal models for the human brain. George Ricaurte, who led the research, said that widespread abuse of the drug may already be claiming victims of such neurological（神經(jīng)性的）damage. “The most troubling result is that young adults using Ecstasy may be increasing their risk for developing Parkinsonism as they get older.”
Alan Leshner, a former director of the US National Institute on Drug Abuse, said: “This study emphasizes the multi-aspect damage that Ecstasy can do to users. We’ve long known that repeated use damages brain cells. This study shows that even very occasional use can have long-lasting effects on many different brain systems. It sends an important message to young people: don’t experiment with your own brain.”
Janet Betts, the Essex mother whose daughter Leah died after a single Ecstasy tablet in 1995, said: “This comes as no surprise. People can’t see the effects at first, and they’re in permanent denial（否認(rèn)）, saying it’s not going to happen to them. But we’ll see the symptoms（癥狀）later, just as we have with smoking.”
73．The article is intended to .
A．explain the effects of the drug Ecstasy on many different brain systems
B．warn youngsters of the risk of taking the drug Ecstasy
C．convince people of the abuse of the drug Ecstasy
D．tell us the links between the drug Ecstasy and Parkinson’s disease
74．According to the passage, Parkinson’s is .
A．the name of a scientist B．a(chǎn) kind of brain cell
C．a(chǎn) kind of drug D．a(chǎn) kind of disease
75．We know from the passage that low does of Ecstasy .
A．won’t cause serious brain damage
B．can permanently destroy one’s brain cells
C．will suffer from the symptoms immediately
D．may bring on Parkinson’s at once
76．Why are squirrel monkeys and baboons involved in the experiments?
A．Because their brain is similar to human being’s
B．Because these animals usually take drugs.
C．Because these animals will soon get well after the experiment.
D．Because there is a model in the animals’ brains.
77．The underlined word “This” in the last paragraph means “that ”.
A．Leah died after a single Ecstasy tablet in 1995.
B．people have long known that repeated use damages brain cells
C．occasional use of the drug can have long-lasting effects on one’s brain systems
D．taking drug has the same symptoms as smoking
閱讀理解61—65 CDDBC 66—70 DBDCB 71—75 DCBDB 76—77 AC
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